Types of Buildings

Buildings are classified on the basis of the nature of the residence or based on system that people use and type of construction. 

Mainly buildings can be classified as follows:

• Residential
• Educational
• Institutional
• Assembly
• Business
• Mercantile
• Industrial
• Storage
• Hazardous

Residential Buildings

These buildings are used for sleeping, accommodating, cooking, dining or without cooking or dining. These types of buildings are designed for normal residential purpose.

There are few types of residential buildings. 

• Loading or rooming houses

These types of buildings provide accommodation for more than three people. Including a single building or group of buildings, the accommodation is managed by an individual party. Each accommodator may have separate accommodation for the individual. These types of accommodation provided with or without dining facilities, but did not provide any kitchen facilities for cooking.

• One or two family dwelling

 Buildings of this type for a single family members. This building has accommodation for no more than 20 people. These buildings have maximum sleeping accommodation for 20 people only.

If there are any existing rooms in such buildings, they can be rented out to the outsiders. This type of accommodation is not for more than three people per room. 

• Dormitories

This type of accommodation is provided for groups of people with or without dining facilities. these accommodations not only for same family members. These facilities are provided under one management in one room or in a series of closely related rooms. As an example of a school or university student hostel and an army barracks.

• Apartment house or flats

This building provides for three or more families to live independently with independent kitchen facilities. As an example of an apartment house.

• Hotels

Building or group of buildings under single management provides accommodation for more than 15 people with or without dining facilities for rent. As an examples hotels, motels & etc. 

Educational Buildings

These types of buildings for schools, assembly halls, day care centers & etc. Purpose of this type of building, instruction, education or recreation. 

Institutional Buildings

Institutional buildings used for the purpose of medical treatment for mental or physical illness and any other health hazards. Also, this type of building provides accommodation for the person who receives medical treatment, but some areas inmates is restricted for medical purposes. Mainly there are three types of institutional buildings as follows:

• Hospitals and sanatoria

This type includes a single building or group of buildings under single management for physically ill or elderly people living with medical treatment. as an example: hospitals, nursing homes & etc.

• Custodial institutions

This type also includes building or building group under single management used to take care of children or elders as an example: home elders, orphanages, etc.

• Penal and mental institutions

According to this category, the building or building group under single management shall be used to retain persons for criminal or corrective purposes, persons under restraint or persons under restriction of liberty. As an example jails, prisons, mantel hospital & etc.

Assembly Buildings

This type include building or part of building use to meet with other people for celebration, enjoyment, pleasure, relaxation, social, religious, civil travel and similar purposes. as an example theater, exhibition hall, museums & etc.

 There are five major categories of assembly buildings as follows.

• With a stage and fixed seats for greater than 1,000 people

According to this sub division these kind of building which has a raised stage, raising curtain, view deck with portable or fixed scenery, motion picture booth, mechanical or other technical appliance provide for the over 1,000 people with fixed seats.

• With stage less than 1,000 person

According to this subdivision, all requirements according to the first division and also requirements comply with fixed seats but less than 1,000 persons.

• Without stage for 300 or more persons but no permanent seating arrangement

Any building that has lobby rooms and other space connected to the hall for assembly for the people. but These types do not exist with theatrical stage or with mechanical or technical accessories for cinematic experience. Also accommodation for more than 300 people and no permanent seating arrangement. As an example dance hall, night club, picture show halls, exhibition & etc.

• Without stage for less than 300 people

In this sub division, similar to the previous sub division, there is no permanent seating arrangement, no stage but for less than 300 people.

• Other structures not covered previous sub divisions

This type includes areas for outdoor assembly or for gathering of people not covered by previous subdivisions.

Business Buildings

This type describes the building or part of the building used for the trance operation of a business. Keep an account, records, professional establishment, service facilities, etc. As an example city hall, town hall, court house and libraries. These types of buildings are categorized as follows.

• Office, Banks, Professional establishment like offices of architects, engineers, doctors lawyers, etc.
• laboratories, research establishment, and test houses
• Computer installation

Mercantile Buildings

Including any building or part of a building that is used for shop, store, market display and sale of goods, either wholesale or retail. these mercantile building categorized as follows.

Category 01: Shops, stroke, markets (Area up to 500 Sq. m)
Category 02: Under ground shopping centres, Departmental stores (Area more than 500 Sq. m)

Also storage facilities and service facilities provide building or part of building included under this group.

Industrial Buildings

These incorporate any sort of building or part of a structure for assembling, manufacturing, collecting as an example gathering plant, research facility cleaning plant power plant.

The hazard of occupancy shall be the relative danger of the start and spread of the fire of the hazard or smoke or gases, which may result in the explosion or other occurrence of life and safety of the occupants of the buildings.

Storage Buildings

This include the building or part of a building, used mainly for storage or sheltering of ware, goods or merchandise. (that can be include servicing, processing or repairs incidental to storage and also except those that involve  highly combustibles or explosive products otherwise material) as an example vehicles, animals, ware house, cold storage, garages, truck and marine terminals, hangers (other than aircraft repairer hangers), barns, grain elevators, barn and stables.

Hazardous Buildings

These include any building or part of the building of a witch used for storage, handling,  Manufacturing or processing of highly flammable or explosive materials or products The witch is likely to burn extremely quickly and may produce toxic fumes or explosions.